% This file was created with JabRef 2.4.2.
% Encoding: Cp1252

@ARTICLE{Ahn2006,
  author = {D.C. Ahn and P. Sofronis and R. Minich},
  title = {On the micromechanics of void growth by prismatic-dislocation loop
	emission},
  journal = {Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {54},
  pages = {735 - 755},
  number = {4},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.jmps.2005.10.011},
  issn = {0022-5096},
  keywords = {Void growth},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.02.26},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-4HTBMD1-2/2/5390a456c470a8def2420f78bcdcc7ac}
}

@ARTICLE{Akhtar1975,
  author = {Akhtar, A.},
  title = {Basal slip and twinning in alpha-titanium single crystals},
  journal = {Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A},
  year = {1975},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {1105--1113},
  number = {4},
  month = apr,
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.01.22},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02645537}
}

@ARTICLE{Akhtar1975a,
  author = {Akhtar, A. and Teghtsoonian, E.},
  title = {Prismatic slip in alpha-titanium single crystals},
  journal = {Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A},
  year = {1975},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {2201--2208},
  number = {12},
  month = dec,
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.01.22},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02818644}
}

@ARTICLE{Asgari1997,
  author = {Asgari, Sirous and El-Danaf, Ehab and Kalidindi, Surya and Doherty,
	Roger},
  title = {Strain hardening regimes and microstructural evolution during large
	strain compression of low stacking fault energy fcc alloys that form
	deformation twins},
  journal = {Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {28},
  pages = {1781--1795},
  number = {9},
  month = sep,
  abstract = {Abstract  Constant true strain rate simple compression tests
	were conducted on annealed, polycrystalline samples of α-brass and
	MP35N, and the evolution of the true stress (σ)-true strain (ε)
	response was documented. From these data, the strain hardening rate
	was numerically computed, normalized with shear modulus (G), and
	plotted against both (σ − σ 0)/G (σ0 being the initial yield
	strength of the alloy) and ε. Such normalized plots for α-brass
	and MP35N were found to be almost identical to each other, and revealed
	four distinct stages of strain hardening: stage A, with a steadily
	decreasing strain hardening rate up to a true strain of about −0.08;
	stage B, with an almost constant strain hardening rate up to a true
	strain of about −0.2; stage C, with a steadily decreasing strain
	hardening rate up to a true strain of about −0.55; and a final
	stage D, again with an almost constant strain hardening rate. Optical
	microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were performed
	on deformed samples. The results suggested that stage A corresponded
	to stage III strain hardening (dynamic recovery) of higher stacking
	fault energy (SFE) fcc metals such as copper. The onset of stage
	B correlated with the first observation of deformation twins in the
	microstructure. Further straining in stage B was found to produce
	clusters of parallel twins in an increasing number of grains. Stage
	C correlated with the development of severe inhomogeneity of deformation
	within most grains, and with the development of significant misorientation
	between the twin/matrix interface and the {111} plane in the matrix
	of the grain, i.e., the matrix/twin interface lost coherency with
	continued deformation. Stage D correlated with extensive formation
	of secondary twins that resulted in twin intersections in many grains.
	Early in stage D, some strain localization in the form of shear bands
	was observed. Although formation of these shear bands had no detectable
	effect on the macroscopic strain hardening rate, it did correlated
	with a marked change in texture evolution. Based on these experimental
	observations, we have developed and presented a physical description
	of the microstructural phenomena responsible for the various strain
	hardening stages observed in low SFE fcc alloys.},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.04.09},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-997-0109-3}
}

@ARTICLE{Battaini2007,
  author = {Battaini, M. and Pereloma, E.V. and Davies, C.H.J.},
  title = {Orientation Effect on Mechanical Properties of Commercially Pure
	Titanium at Room Temperature},
  journal = {Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {38},
  pages = {276--285},
  number = {2},
  month = feb,
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.02.26},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-006-9040-2}
}

@ARTICLE{Beevers1969,
  author = {Beevers, C. J. and Halliday, M. D.},
  title = {The role of twinning in the fatigue behaviour of alpha-titanium},
  journal = {Czechoslovak Journal of Physics},
  year = {1969},
  volume = {19},
  pages = {343--346},
  number = {3},
  month = mar,
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.12},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01712874}
}

@ARTICLE{Berfield2007,
  author = {Berfield, T. and Patel, J. and Shimmin, R. and Braun, P. and Lambros,
	J. and Sottos, N.},
  title = {Micro- and Nanoscale Deformation Measurement of Surface and Internal
	Planes via Digital Image Correlation},
  journal = {Experimental Mechanics},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {47},
  pages = {51--62},
  number = {1},
  month = feb,
  abstract = {Abstract  The digital image correlation (DIC) technique
	is successfully applied across multiple length scales through the
	generation of a suitable speckle pattern at each size scale. For
	microscale measurements, a random speckle pattern of paint is created
	with a fine point airbrush. Nanoscale displacement resolution is
	achieved with a speckle pattern formed by solution deposition of
	fluorescent silica nanoparticles. When excited, the particles fluoresce
	and form a speckle pattern that can be imaged with an optical microscope.
	Displacements are measured on the surface and on an interior plane
	of transparent polymer samples with the different speckle patterns.
	Rigid body translation calibrations and uniaxial tension experiments
	establish a surface displacement resolution of 1 μm over a
	56 mm scale field of view for the airbrushed samples and 17 nm
	over a 100100 μm scale field of view for samples with the fluorescent
	nanoparticle speckle. To demonstrate the capabilities of the method,
	we characterize the internal deformation fields generated around
	silica microspheres embedded in an elastomer under tensile loading.
	The DIC technique enables measurement of complex deformation fields
	with nanoscale precision over relatively large areas, making it of
	particular relevance to materials that possess multiple length scales.},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.04.09},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11340-006-0531-2}
}

@ARTICLE{Beyerlein2008,
  author = {I.J. Beyerlein and C.N. Tom�},
  title = {A dislocation-based constitutive law for pure Zr including temperature
	effects},
  journal = {International Journal of Plasticity},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {24},
  pages = {867 - 895},
  number = {5},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.ijplas.2007.07.017},
  issn = {0749-6419},
  keywords = {A. Dislocations},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.05.04},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4PFDDMC-1/2/2e4d625f58cc8d631f6240ab9c34edaf}
}

@ARTICLE{Biallas2007,
  author = {G. Biallas and H.J. Maier},
  title = {In-situ fatigue in an environmental scanning electron microscope
	- Potential and current limitations},
  journal = {International Journal of Fatigue},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {29},
  pages = {1413 - 1425},
  number = {8},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2006.11.008},
  issn = {0142-1123},
  keywords = {In situ fatigue},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.04.09},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V35-4MSY8H6-1/2/ac32b32e9a08bcbf0c6d6ca03252225b}
}

@ARTICLE{Biget1989,
  author = {Biget, M. P. and Saada, G.},
  title = {Low-temperature plasticity of high-purity α-titanium single crystals},
  journal = {Philosophical Magazine A},
  year = {1989},
  volume = {59},
  pages = {747--757},
  number = {4},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  timestamp = {2009.04.23},
  url = {http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/01418618908209818}
}

@ARTICLE{Cai2008,
  author = {Shengqiang Cai and Ziran Li and Yuanming Xia},
  title = {Evolution equations of deformation twins in metals--Evolution of
	deformation twins in pure titanium},
  journal = {Physica B: Condensed Matter},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {403},
  pages = {1660 - 1665},
  number = {10-11},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.physb.2007.09.091},
  issn = {0921-4526},
  keywords = {Gibbs free energy},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.01.22},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVH-4PT7X4N-1/2/8208076d98499b7efcf88b3df2d87d7b}
}

@ARTICLE{Capolungo2009,
  author = {L. Capolungo and I.J. Beyerlein and G.C. Kaschner and C.N. Tom�},
  title = {On the interaction between slip dislocations and twins in HCP Zr},
  journal = {Materials Science and Engineering: A},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {513-514},
  pages = {42 - 51},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2009.01.035},
  issn = {0921-5093},
  keywords = {Zirconium},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.05.04},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXD-4VF56W9-1/2/96559a17e0128c846012b89d57e96762}
}

@ARTICLE{Capolungo2009a,
  author = {L. Capolungo and I.J. Beyerlein and C.N. Tom�},
  title = {Slip-assisted twin growth in hexagonal close-packed metals},
  journal = {Scripta Materialia},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {60},
  pages = {32 - 35},
  number = {1},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2008.08.044},
  issn = {1359-6462},
  keywords = {Twinning},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.02.24},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TY2-4TG9J13-1/2/b8a6d947d7ec88bacf253bd3b717146d}
}

@ARTICLE{Capolungo2008,
  author = {L. Capolungo and I. J. Beyerlein},
  title = {Nucleation and stability of twins in hcp metals},
  journal = {Physical Review B (Condensed Matter and Materials Physics)},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {78},
  pages = {024117},
  number = {2},
  eid = {024117},
  doi = {10.1103/PhysRevB.78.024117},
  keywords = {dislocation nucleation; magnesium; nucleation; twin boundaries; twinning;
	zirconium},
  numpages = {19},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  publisher = {APS},
  timestamp = {2009.01.22},
  url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRB/v78/e024117}
}

@ARTICLE{Cho2002,
  author = {J. R. Cho and D. Dye and K. T. Conlon and M. R. Daymond and R. C.
	Reed},
  title = {Intergranular strain accumulation in a near-alpha titanium alloy
	during plastic deformation},
  journal = {Acta Materialia},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {50},
  pages = {4847 - 4864},
  number = {19},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00354-3},
  issn = {1359-6454},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.02.25},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TW8-473MNHB-G/2/3113572716f9931937bb701bedc74e18}
}

@ARTICLE{Choi2009,
  author = {Jae-Man Choi and Chung-Youb Kim and Ji-Ho Song},
  title = {Noise reduction for fatigue crack growth test data under random loading},
  journal = {Materials Science and Engineering: A},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {505},
  pages = {163 - 168},
  number = {1-2},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2008.11.005},
  issn = {0921-5093},
  keywords = {Fatigue crack growth},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.02.20},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXD-4TY9MS1-3/2/18f90a633e0d7cf464c6f03b8a0e698d}
}

@ARTICLE{Christian1995,
  author = {Christian, J. W. and Mahajan, S.},
  title = {Deformation twinning},
  journal = {Progress in Materials Science},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {39},
  pages = {1--157},
  number = {1-2},
  issn = {0079-6425},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.06.15},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX1-3YRSGDH-1/2/9c86a05bd8433ef810e649a7cfd53862}
}

@ARTICLE{CHURCHMAN1953,
  author = {CHURCHMAN, A. T.},
  title = {Preparation of Single Crystals of Titanium and their Mode of Deformation},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1953},
  volume = {171},
  pages = {706--706},
  number = {4355},
  month = apr,
  comment = {10.1038/171706a0},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.04.17},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/171706a0}
}

@ARTICLE{Cojocaru2009,
  author = {D. Cojocaru and A.M. Karlsson},
  title = {Assessing plastically dissipated energy as a condition for fatigue
	crack growth},
  journal = {International Journal of Fatigue},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {31},
  pages = {1154 - 1162},
  number = {7},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2008.12.009},
  issn = {0142-1123},
  keywords = {Finite element method},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.04.17},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V35-4V7MSHM-2/2/76871f554c14db78d71577fa55be9e78}
}

@ARTICLE{Conrad1981,
  author = {Hans Conrad},
  title = {Effect of interstitial solutes on the strength and ductility of titanium},
  journal = {Progress in Materials Science},
  year = {1981},
  volume = {26},
  pages = {123 - 403},
  number = {2-4},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0079-6425(81)90001-3},
  issn = {0079-6425},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.02.04},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TX1-48KNRFW-2H/2/d6c48f18ceac9719a02ff8b58f9697a9}
}

@ARTICLE{Crostack2001,
  author = {Crostack, H.-A. and Fischer, G. and Soppa, E. and Schmauder, S. and
	Liu, Y.-L.},
  title = {Localization of strain in metal matrix composites studied by a scanning
	electron microscope-based grating method},
  journal = {Journal of Microscopy},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {201},
  pages = {171--178},
  number = {2},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.25},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2818.2001.00772.x}
}

@ARTICLE{Dargusch2008,
  author = {Dargusch, M.�S. and Zhang, M.-X. and Palanisamy, S. and Buddery,
	A.�J.�M. and StJohn, D.�H.},
  title = {Subsurface Deformation After Dry Machining of Grade 2 Titanium},
  journal = {Advanced Engineering Materials},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {85--88},
  number = {1-2},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.04.20},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adem.200700233}
}

@ARTICLE{Donoso1977,
  author = {Donoso, J. and Reed-Hill, R.},
  title = {Static strain-aging in commercial purity alpha titanium},
  journal = {Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A},
  year = {1977},
  volume = {8},
  pages = {945--948},
  number = {6},
  month = jun,
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.12},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02661577}
}

@ARTICLE{Dunne2007,
  author = {F.P.E. Dunne and D. Rugg and A. Walker},
  title = {Lengthscale-dependent, elastically anisotropic, physically-based
	hcp crystal plasticity: Application to cold-dwell fatigue in Ti alloys},
  journal = {International Journal of Plasticity},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {23},
  pages = {1061 - 1083},
  number = {6},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.ijplas.2006.10.013},
  issn = {0749-6419},
  keywords = {Crystal plasticity},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.18},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4MY0TTV-2/2/91f50c6886693aeee08d190770cdf5b2}
}

@ARTICLE{Dunne2007a,
  author = {Dunne, F.P.E and Walker, A and Rugg, D},
  title = {{A systematic study of hcp crystal orientation and morphology effects
	in polycrystal deformation and fatigue}},
  journal = {Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering
	Science},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {463},
  pages = {1467-1489},
  number = {2082},
  doi = {10.1098/rspa.2007.1833},
  eprint = {http://rspa.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/463/2082/1467.full.pdf+html},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.17},
  url = {http://rspa.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/463/2082/1467.abstract}
}

@ARTICLE{DUNNE2008,
  author = {DUNNE, F. P. E. and RUGG, D.},
  title = {On the mechanisms of fatigue facet nucleation in titanium alloys},
  journal = {Fatigue \& Fracture of Engineering Materials \& Structures},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {31},
  pages = {949--958},
  number = {11},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.18},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.2008.01284.x}
}

@ARTICLE{Evans2009,
  author = {A.G. Evans and M.Y. He and A. Suzuki and M. Gigliotti and B. Hazel
	and T.M. Pollock},
  title = {A mechanism governing oxidation-assisted low-cycle fatigue of superalloys},
  journal = {Acta Materialia},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {57},
  pages = {2969 - 2983},
  number = {10},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2009.02.047},
  issn = {1359-6454},
  keywords = {Low-cycle fatigue},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.05.07},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TW8-4W01WM6-5/2/1229ce6be9bcf2168669f3dd827a1b1e}
}

@ARTICLE{Fromm2009,
  author = {Bradley S. Fromm and Brent L. Adams and Sadegh Ahmadi and Marko Knezevic},
  title = {Grain size and orientation distributions: Application to yielding
	of [alpha]-titanium},
  journal = {Acta Materialia},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {57},
  pages = {2339 - 2348},
  number = {8},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2008.12.037},
  issn = {1359-6454},
  keywords = {Texture},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.04.17},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TW8-4VV0DMW-1/2/872cc58c52a9f293fa825c2f95fb19b0}
}

@ARTICLE{Goods1979,
  author = {S.H. Goods and L.M. Brown},
  title = {Overview No. 1: The nucleation of cavities by plastic deformation},
  journal = {Acta Metallurgica},
  year = {1979},
  volume = {27},
  pages = {1 - 15},
  number = {1},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0001-6160(79)90051-8},
  issn = {0001-6160},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.02.26},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B7598-48JJK9X-7B/2/387d3e5470e76cb432f44838a15e10d6}
}

@ARTICLE{Gray1997,
  author = {Gray, G. T.},
  title = {Influence of Strain Rate and Temperature on the Structure. Property
	Behavior of High-Purity Titanium},
  journal = {Le Journal de Physique IV},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {07},
  pages = {C3-423-C3-428},
  number = C3,
  month = {aug},
  doi = {10.1051/jp4:1997373},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.17},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:1997373}
}

@ARTICLE{Grujicic2001,
  author = {Grujicic, M. and Batchu, S.},
  title = {A crystal plasticity materials constitutive model for polysynthetically-twinned
	γ-TiAl + α2-Ti3Al single crystals},
  journal = {Journal of Materials Science},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {36},
  pages = {2851--2863},
  number = {12},
  month = jun,
  abstract = {Deformation behavior of polysynthetically-twinned lamellar γ-TiAl
	+ α2-Ti3Al single crystals has been analyzed using a three-dimensional,
	isothermal, rate-dependent, large-strain, crystal-plasticity based
	materials constitutive model. Within the model it is assumed that
	plastic deformation parallel to the γ-TiAl/α2-Ti3Al lamellar boundaries
	is controlled by the softer γ-TiAl phase while deformation which
	contains a component normal to these boundaries is dominated by the
	harder α2-Ti3Al phase. The parameters appearing in the crystal-plasticity
	materials constitutive relations are assessed using the available
	experimental information pertaining to the active slip systems, their
	deformation resistances and hardening and rate behavior of the two
	constitutive phases both in their single-crystalline and in polysynthetically-twinned
	lamellar forms. The constitutive relations are implemented in a Vectorized
	User Material Subroutine (VUMAT) of the commercial finite element
	program Abaqus/Explicit within which the material state is integrated
	during loading using an explicit Euler-forward formulation. The results
	obtained suggest that the adopted crystal-plasticity model and the
	parameters assessed in the present work account quite well for the
	observed room-temperature deformation behavior of polysynthetically-twinned
	lamellar γ-TiAl + α2-Ti3Al single crystals.},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.04.09},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1017942117952}
}

@ARTICLE{Haicheng1994,
  author = {Gu Haicheng and Guo Huifang and Chang Shufen and Campbell Laird},
  title = {Orientation dependence of cyclic deformation in high purity titanium
	single crystals},
  journal = {Materials Science and Engineering: A},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {188},
  pages = {23 - 36},
  number = {1-2},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0921-5093(94)90352-2},
  issn = {0921-5093},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.04.23},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXD-48FKKVP-3/2/e3627502c857c5240f3ab05bfaec89ed}
}

@ARTICLE{Hu1993,
  author = {Hu, Xiaoyu and Wei, Chao and Margolin, Harold and Nourbakhsh, Said},
  title = {The stresses in a face-centered cubic single crystal under uniaxial
	tension},
  journal = {Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {24},
  pages = {875--881},
  number = {4},
  month = apr,
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.06},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02656508}
}

@ARTICLE{Huez1998,
  author = {Huez, J. and Helbert, A. and Feaugas, X. and Guillot, I. and Clavel,
	M.},
  title = {Damage process in commercially pure},
  journal = {Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {29},
  pages = {1615--1628},
  number = {6},
  month = jun,
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.02.26},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-998-0085-2}
}

@ARTICLE{Hultgren1999,
  author = {Hultgren, Carl and Ankem, Sreeramaurthy and Greene, Charles},
  title = {Time-dependent twinning during ambient temperature compression creep
	of alpha Ti-0.4Mn alloy},
  journal = {Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {30},
  pages = {1675--1679},
  number = {6},
  month = jun,
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.04.27},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-999-0106-9}
}

@ARTICLE{Kalidindi1998,
  author = {Surya R. Kalidindi},
  title = {Incorporation of deformation twinning in crystal plasticity models},
  journal = {Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {46},
  pages = {267 - 271},
  number = {2},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/S0022-5096(97)00051-3},
  issn = {0022-5096},
  keywords = {A. twinning},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.01.22},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXB-3SYYM0T-4/2/88bce8557651ce28dee790b39c9bd8ef}
}

@ARTICLE{Kirane2008,
  author = {Kedar Kirane and Somnath Ghosh},
  title = {A cold dwell fatigue crack nucleation criterion for polycrystalline
	Ti-6242 using grain-level crystal plasticity FE Model},
  journal = {International Journal of Fatigue},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {30},
  pages = {2127 - 2139},
  number = {12},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2008.05.026},
  issn = {0142-1123},
  keywords = {Ti-6242},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.10},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V35-4SRKMJM-2/2/66058d22d6e2fde0cd799873a11003be}
}

@ARTICLE{Kocks1970,
  author = {Kocks, U.},
  title = {The relation between polycrystal deformation and single-crystal deformation},
  journal = {Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B},
  year = {1970},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {1121--1143},
  number = {5},
  month = may,
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.02.26},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02900224}
}

@ARTICLE{Kolluri2007,
  author = {Kedarnath Kolluri and M. Rauf Gungor and Dimitrios Maroudas},
  title = {Void nucleation in biaxially strained ultrathin films of face-centered
	cubic metals},
  journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {90},
  pages = {221907},
  number = {22},
  eid = {221907},
  doi = {10.1063/1.2744477},
  keywords = {metallic thin films; voids (solid); nucleation; relaxation; slip;
	vacancies (crystal); molecular dynamics method},
  numpages = {3},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  publisher = {AIP},
  timestamp = {2009.02.26},
  url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/90/221907/1}
}

@ARTICLE{Kouchmeshky2009,
  author = {Babak Kouchmeshky and Nicholas Zabaras},
  title = {Modeling the response of HCP polycrystals deforming by slip and twinning
	using a finite element representation of the orientation space},
  journal = {Computational Materials Science},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {In Press, Corrected Proof},
  pages = { - },
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.commatsci.2009.01.009},
  issn = {0927-0256},
  keywords = {Polycrystal plasticity},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.02.20},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWM-4VKVBTN-2/2/0b7244c1ddc2cee3517d7798f8b70c22}
}

@ARTICLE{Kuhlmann-Wilsdorf1995,
  author = {Kuhlmann-Wilsdorf, Doris},
  title = {Modelling of plastic deformation via segmented voce curves, linked
	to characteristic LEDS's which are generated by LEDS transformations
	between workhardening stages},
  journal = {Physica Status Solidi (a)},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {149},
  pages = {131--153},
  number = {1},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.02.12},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.2211490110}
}

@ARTICLE{Lederich1978,
  author = {R.J. Lederich and S.M.L. Sastry and J.E. O'Neal and B.B. Rath},
  title = {The effect of grain size on yield stress and work hardening of polycrystalline
	titanium at 295 K and 575 K},
  journal = {Materials Science and Engineering},
  year = {1978},
  volume = {33},
  pages = {183 - 188},
  number = {2},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0025-5416(78)90171-4},
  issn = {0025-5416},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.17},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B759M-48HS2M2-10X/2/e7887d8060588932b522294b5a95ff05}
}

@ARTICLE{Li2009,
  author = {B. Li and E. Ma},
  title = {Zonal dislocations mediating twinning in magnesium},
  journal = {Acta Materialia},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {57},
  pages = {1734 - 1743},
  number = {6},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2008.12.016},
  issn = {1359-6454},
  keywords = {Magnesium},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.02},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TW8-4VDY40S-2/2/6d536cdd6e9b59eebf68bc5e14b2c684}
}

@ARTICLE{Li2008,
  author = {Li, N. and Sutton, M. and Li, X. and Schreier, H.},
  title = {Full-field Thermal Deformation Measurements in a Scanning Electron
	Microscope by 2D Digital Image Correlation},
  journal = {Experimental Mechanics},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {48},
  pages = {635--646},
  number = {5},
  month = oct,
  abstract = {Abstract  Using recently developed methods for application
	of a nano-scale random pattern having high contrast during SEM imaging,
	baseline full-field thermal deformation experiments have been performed
	successfully in an FEI Quanta SEM using 2D-DIC methods. Employing
	a specially redesigned commercial heating plate and control system,
	with modified specimen attachment procedures to minimize unwanted
	image motions, recently developed distortion correction procedures
	were shown to be effective in removing both drift and spatial distortion
	fields under thermal heating. 2D-DIC results from heating experiments
	up to 125°C on an aluminum specimen indicate that (a) the fully
	corrected displacement components have nearly random variability
	and a standard deviation of 0.02 pixels (≈25 nm at 200×
	and ≈0.5 nm at 10,000×) in each displacement component and
	(b) the unbiased measured strain fields have a standard deviation
	≈150 × 10−6 and a mean value that is in good agreement with
	independent measurements, confirming that the SEM-DIC based method
	can be used for both micro-scale and nano-scale thermal strain measurements.},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.25},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11340-007-9107-z}
}

@ARTICLE{Love2001,
  author = {Love, J. Christopher and Wolfe, Daniel B. and Jacobs, Heiko O. and
	Whitesides, George M.},
  title = {Microscope Projection Photolithography for Rapid Prototyping of Masters
	with Micron-Scale Features for Use in Soft Lithography},
  journal = {Langmuir},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {17},
  pages = {6005-6012},
  number = {19},
  doi = {10.1021/la010655t},
  eprint = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/la010655t},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.04.09},
  url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/la010655t}
}

@ARTICLE{Lu2005,
  author = {Lu, Gang and Kaxiras, Efthimios},
  title = {Hydrogen Embrittlement of Aluminum: The Crucial Role of Vacancies},
  journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {94},
  pages = {155501--},
  number = {15},
  month = apr,
  owner = {yj.ro},
  publisher = {American Physical Society},
  refid = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.155501},
  timestamp = {2009.05.20},
  url = {http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v94/e155501}
}

@ARTICLE{Lubarda2004,
  author = {V. A. Lubarda and M. S. Schneider and D. H. Kalantar and B. A. Remington
	and M. A. Meyers},
  title = {Void growth by dislocation emission},
  journal = {Acta Materialia},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {52},
  pages = {1397 - 1408},
  number = {6},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.11.022},
  issn = {1359-6454},
  keywords = {Voids},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.02.26},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TW8-4B8K8R7-4/2/3f5b9aeddae77894d75f14fe8cd0cb46}
}

@ARTICLE{Lynch2009,
  author = {S.P. Lynch},
  title = {Comments on } # A # unified # model # of # environment-assisted #
	cracking,
  journal = {Scripta Materialia},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {61},
  pages = {331 - 334},
  number = {3},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2009.02.031},
  issn = {1359-6462},
  keywords = {Liquid-metal embrittlement},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.05.20},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TY2-4VNH488-C/2/5c8d9cb463e7be2080ca2cb8ea20adac}
}

@ARTICLE{Lynch2007,
  author = {S.P. Lynch},
  title = {Progression markings, striations, and crack-arrest markings on fracture
	surfaces},
  journal = {Materials Science and Engineering: A},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {468-470},
  pages = {74 - 80},
  note = {The McEvily Symposium: Fatigue and Fracture of Traditional and Advanced
	Materials, TMS 2006},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2006.09.083},
  issn = {0921-5093},
  keywords = {Fractography},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.06},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXD-4M9H3SM-6/2/64673c73023c0f8d688ff2b425c60c81}
}

@ARTICLE{Matsunaga2009,
  author = {Tetsuya Matsunaga and Kohei Takahashi and Tatsuya Kameyama and Eiichi
	Sato},
  title = {Relaxation mechanisms at grain boundaries for ambient-temperature
	creep of h.c.p. metals},
  journal = {Materials Science and Engineering: A},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {510-511},
  pages = {356 - 358},
  note = {11th International Conference of Creep and Fracture of Engineering
	Materials and Structures, CREEP 2008},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2008.06.055},
  issn = {0921-5093},
  keywords = {Ambient-temperature creep},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.04.27},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXD-4V76251-1F/2/39d115978086373d4b1488039556104f}
}

@ARTICLE{McHargue1953,
  author = {C.J McHargue and J.P Hammond},
  title = {Deformation mechanisms in titanium at elevated temperatures},
  journal = {Acta Metallurgica},
  year = {1953},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {700 - 701, 703-705},
  number = {6},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0001-6160(53)90028-5},
  issn = {0001-6160},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.02.12},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B7598-48KNTHY-2R/2/66321d3f4813c79a684cc9f116956d58}
}

@ARTICLE{Mendelson1970,
  author = {S. Mendelson},
  title = {Dislocation Dissociations in hcp Metals},
  journal = {Journal of Applied Physics},
  year = {1970},
  volume = {41},
  pages = {1893-1910},
  number = {5},
  doi = {10.1063/1.1659139},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  publisher = {AIP},
  timestamp = {2009.04.17},
  url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JAP/41/1893/1}
}

@ARTICLE{Minonishi1985,
  author = {Y. Minonishi and S. Morozumi and H. Yoshinaga},
  title = {Accommodation around {101} twins in titanium},
  journal = {Scripta Metallurgica},
  year = {1985},
  volume = {19},
  pages = {1241 - 1245},
  number = {10},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0036-9748(85)90246-7},
  issn = {0036-9748},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.01.22},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B759T-48N5N1J-7Y/2/888ba516ef4fcd5ef922d1ef539c238b}
}

@ARTICLE{Minonishi1982,
  author = {Y. Minonishi and S. Morozumi and H. Yoshinaga},
  title = {{112} <23> slip in titanium},
  journal = {Scripta Metallurgica},
  year = {1982},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {427 - 430},
  number = {4},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0036-9748(82)90166-1},
  issn = {0036-9748},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.02.12},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B759T-48JCSWN-362/2/b33203f2ef53d4755d7cb1eafbfd6637}
}

@ARTICLE{Morris1995,
  author = {Morris, J. R. and Ye, Y. Y. and Ho, K. M. and Chan, C. T. and Yoo,
	M. H.},
  title = {Structures and energies of compression twin boundaries in <i>hcp</i>
	Ti and Zr},
  journal = {Philosophical Magazine A},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {72},
  pages = {751--763},
  number = {3},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  timestamp = {2009.04.17},
  url = {http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/01418619508243798}
}

@ARTICLE{Moskalenko1998,
  author = {V. A. Moskalenko and A. R. Smirnov},
  title = {Temperature effect on formation of reorientation bands in [alpha]-Ti},
  journal = {Materials Science and Engineering A},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {246},
  pages = {282 - 288},
  number = {1-2},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/S0921-5093(97)00713-2},
  issn = {0921-5093},
  keywords = {Ti},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.05.25},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXD-3TJBBWH-11/2/018d9d8a90570743f40c4eb3e89ae206}
}

@ARTICLE{Moskalenko2002,
  author = {V. A. Moskalenko and A. R. Smirnov and V. N. Kovaleva and V. D. Natsik},
  title = {Staged work hardening of polycrystalline titanium at low temperatures
	and its relation to substructure evolution},
  journal = {Low Temperature Physics},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {28},
  pages = {935-941},
  number = {12},
  doi = {10.1063/1.1531398},
  keywords = {titanium; work hardening; plastic deformation; dislocation structure;
	tensile strength; electron microscopy; optical microscopy; twinning;
	crystal microstructure},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  publisher = {AIP},
  timestamp = {2009.04.22},
  url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?LTP/28/935/1}
}

@ARTICLE{Mullins1981,
  author = {Mullins, S. and Patchett, B.},
  title = {Deformation microstructures in titanium sheet metal},
  journal = {Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A},
  year = {1981},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {853--863},
  number = {5},
  month = may,
  abstract = {Abstract&nbsp;&nbsp;A metallographic study has been made of the microstructures
	produced by room temperature deformation of 0.6mm thick commercially
	pure titanium sheet metal in uniaxial, plane strain and biaxial tension.
	Deformation twinning becomes increasingly important as the deformation
	mode changes from uniaxial through plane strain to equibiaxial tension,
	and is more significant for strain transverse to the rolling direction
	than for strain in the longitudinal direction. In uniaxial tension,
	1122 twins are dominant in longitudinal straining, while 1012 twins
	dominate in transverse straining. In plane strain and equibiaxial
	straining, 1012 twinning is suppressed and largely replaced by 1122
	twinning. The observed changes in twin occurrence and type are attributed
	to the interaction of the imposed stress system and the crystallographic
	texture of the rolled sheet, which alters the distribution of the
	grain basal-plane poles with respect to the operative stress axes.
	In uniaxial tension parallel to the longitudinal direction, twins
	favored by ‘c’ axis compression are produced, while in the transverse
	direction twins favored by ‘c’ axis tension appear. In plane
	strain and biaxial tension the dominant stress is through-thickness
	compression, which produces twins favored by ‘c’ axis compression
	in nearly all cases. The alterations in twin orientation and numbers
	are associated with changes in stress-strain behavior. As twin volume
	fraction increases and twins are aligned more closely to the principal
	stress axis, the instantaneous work-hardening rate tends to stabilize
	at a nearly constant value over a large strain range.},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.01.22},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02648350}
}

@ARTICLE{Munroe1997,
  author = {Norman Munroe and Xiaoli Tan and Haicheng Gu},
  title = {Orientation dependence of slip and twinning in HCP metals},
  journal = {Scripta Materialia},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {36},
  pages = {1383 - 1386},
  number = {12},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/S1359-6462(97)00048-1},
  issn = {1359-6462},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.04.20},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TY2-3X2B4HD-6P/2/025a748a25f377371bd212b4a224e2d6}
}

@ARTICLE{Naka1983,
  author = {Naka, S. and Lasalmonie, A.},
  title = {Cross-slip on the first order pyramidal plane (10 1) of a-type dislocations
	[1 10] in the plastic deformation of α-titanium single crystals},
  journal = {Journal of Materials Science},
  year = {1983},
  volume = {18},
  pages = {2613--2617},
  number = {9},
  month = sep,
  abstract = {The nature of the cross-slip plane was determined by electron microscopy
	observations of α-titanium single crystal specimens, oriented for
	single prismatic slip (10},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.25},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00547577}
}

@ARTICLE{Naka1982,
  author = {S. Naka and A. Lasalmonie},
  title = {Prismatic slip in the plastic deformation of [alpha]-Ti single crystals
	below 700 K},
  journal = {Materials Science and Engineering},
  year = {1982},
  volume = {56},
  pages = {19 - 24},
  number = {1},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0025-5416(82)90178-1},
  issn = {0025-5416},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.25},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B759M-48FMBBG-TC/2/6880ebb60dec693c2e0bda33ee94a139}
}

@ARTICLE{Naka1988,
  author = {Naka, S. and Lasalmonie, A. and Costa, P. and Kubin, L. P.},
  title = {The low-temperature plastic deformation of alpha�-titanium and the
	core structure of a-type screw dislocations},
  journal = {Philosophical Magazine A},
  year = {1988},
  volume = {57},
  pages = {717--740},
  number = {5},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  timestamp = {2009.03.02},
  url = {http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/01418618808209916}
}

@ARTICLE{Newman2009,
  author = {John A. Newman and Stephen W. Smith and Robert S. Piascik},
  title = {Kmax effects on the near-threshold fatigue crack growth of powder-metallurgy
	aluminum alloys},
  journal = {International Journal of Fatigue},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {31},
  pages = {1237 - 1245},
  number = {8-9},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2009.01.002},
  issn = {0142-1123},
  keywords = {Fatigue crack growth},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.05.25},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V35-4VD9X5H-1/2/02fcc42b39b99f90f0b0ba3a25b49605}
}

@ARTICLE{Numakura1986,
  author = {H. Numakura and Y. Minonishi and M. Koiwa},
  title = { slip in titanium polycrystals at room temperature},
  journal = {Scripta Metallurgica},
  year = {1986},
  volume = {20},
  pages = {1581 - 1586},
  number = {11},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0036-9748(86)90399-6},
  issn = {0036-9748},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.02.12},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B759T-48JCNSN-1YV/2/a3866fca2d50ef8c06f1088c78931e39}
}

@ARTICLE{Odegard1974,
  author = {Odegard, Ben and Thompson, Anthony},
  title = {Low temperature creep of Ti-6 Al-4 V},
  journal = {Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B},
  year = {1974},
  volume = {5},
  pages = {1207--1213},
  number = {5},
  month = may,
  abstract = {Abstract&nbsp;&nbsp;Creep tests were conducted at 295 K on Ti-6 Al-4
	V in the solution treated and aged (4 h at 815 K) condition, and
	in the as-welded condition. Some aged specimens were tested after
	pre-straining. Creep stresses ranged from 40 to 90 pct of the aged
	material yield strength. Results showed that creep was of the primary
	or transient kind in all cases, and was much greater in welded than
	in aged material. In general, pre-strains reduced creep, although
	a strain larger than 10-3 was needed to do this at the highest creep
	stress. Activation areas A* were between 10 and 20 b2, and thus were
	similar to tensile results on titanium and its alloys. The microstructural
	rationale applied to Ti-5 Al-2.5 Sn in earlier work, based on the
	character of dislocation sources, proved successful in understanding
	the effects of prestrain in this work.},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.04.27},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02644335}
}

@ARTICLE{Oh2009,
  author = {Oh, Sang Ho and Legros, Marc and Kiener, Daniel and Dehm, Gerhard},
  title = {In situ observation of dislocation nucleation and escape in a submicrometre
	aluminium single crystal},
  journal = {Nat Mater},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {8},
  pages = {95--100},
  number = {2},
  month = feb,
  comment = {10.1038/nmat2370},
  issn = {1476-1122},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  timestamp = {2009.01.28},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat2370}
}

@ARTICLE{PARTRIDGE1964,
  author = {PARTRIDGE, P. G.},
  title = {Distribution of Twins around a Microhardness Indenter in Close-packed
	Hexagonal Metals},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1964},
  volume = {203},
  pages = {634--635},
  number = {4945},
  month = aug,
  comment = {10.1038/203634a0},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.04.22},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/203634a0}
}

@ARTICLE{Pochettino1992,
  author = {A.A. Pochettino and N. Gannio and C.Vial Edwards and R. Penelle},
  title = {Texture and pyramidal slip in Ti, Zr and their alloys},
  journal = {Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {27},
  pages = {1859 - 1863},
  number = {12},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0956-716X(92)90033-B},
  issn = {0956-716X},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.04.20},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TY3-48F4Y9W-DK/2/3aa6de3d1a288fe10992b4225b6ca3e9}
}

@ARTICLE{Ramesh2002,
  author = {Ramesh, K.},
  title = {Effects of high rates of loading on the deformation behavior and
	failure mechanisms of hexagonal close-packed metals and alloys},
  journal = {Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {33},
  pages = {927--935},
  number = {3},
  month = mar,
  abstract = {Abstract&nbsp;&nbsp;A substantial amount of work has been performed
	on the effect of high rates of loading on the deformation and failure
	of fcc and bcc metals. In contrast, the influence of high strain
	rates and temperature on the flow stress of hcp metals has received
	relatively little attention, and the modes of dynamic failure of
	these materials are poorly characterized. The low symmetry of these
	materials and the development of twinning lead to a particularly
	rich set of potential mechanisms for deformation and failure at high
	rates. This article reviews results of high-strain-rate deformation
	and dynamic failure studies on hcp metals, with a focus on titanium,
	Ti-6Al-4V, and hafnium. Strain rates as high as 105},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.01.22},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-002-0162-x}
}

@ARTICLE{Rao1979,
  author = {Y.Krishna Mohan Rao and V.Kutumba Rao and P.Rama Rao},
  title = {Fracture mechanism maps for titanium},
  journal = {Scripta Metallurgica},
  year = {1979},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {851 - 856},
  number = {9},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0036-9748(79)90173-X},
  issn = {0036-9748},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.02.04},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B759T-48JCMPY-1JC/2/7c54e81f2fd43c5999f9ac47b882cff0}
}

@ARTICLE{Salem2003,
  author = {Ayman A. Salem and Surya R. Kalidindi and Roger D. Doherty},
  title = {Strain hardening of titanium: role of deformation twinning},
  journal = {Acta Materialia},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {51},
  pages = {4225 - 4237},
  number = {14},
  abstract = {The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of deformation
	twinning in the strain-hardening behavior of high purity, polycrystalline
	[alpha]-titanium in a number of different deformation modes. Constant
	strain rate tests were conducted on this material in simple compression,
	plane-strain compression and simple shear, and the true stress ([sigma])-true
	strain ([var epsilon]) responses were documented. From the measured
	data, the strain hardening rates were numerically computed, normalized
	by the shear modulus (G), and plotted against both normalized stress
	and [var epsilon]. These normalized strain hardening plots exhibited
	three distinct stages of strain hardening that were similar to those
	observed in previous studies on low stacking fault energy fcc metals
	(e.g. 70/30 brass) in which deformation twinning has been known to
	play an important role. Optical microscopy and Orientation imaging
	microscopy were conducted on samples deformed to different strain
	levels in the various deformation paths. It was found that the onset
	of deformation twinning correlated with a sudden increase in strain
	hardening rate in compression tests. The falling strain hardening
	rate correlated with saturation in the twin volume fraction. In shear
	testing a much lower rate of strain hardening was found, at all strains,
	and this correlated with a lower density of deformation twinning.},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00239-8},
  issn = {1359-6454},
  keywords = {Titanium},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TW8-48VTB43-2/2/950c31f7658f3f4c0f4d9c8d67e54da4}
}

@ARTICLE{Salem2006,
  author = {Salem, A. and Kalidindi, S. and Doherty, R. and Semiatin, S.},
  title = {Strain hardening due to deformation twinning in alpha�-titanium:
	Mechanisms},
  journal = {Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {37},
  pages = {259--268},
  number = {1},
  month = jan,
  abstract = {Abstract&nbsp;&nbsp;Novel experiments were conducted to elucidate
	the effect of deformation twinning on the mechanical response of
	high-purity α-titanium deformed at room temperature. Orientation-imaging
	microscopy (OIM), microhardness, and nanohardness evaluations were
	employed in conjunction with optical microscopy and quasi-static
	compression testing to obtain insight into the deformation mechanisms.
	Hardness measurements revealed that the newly formed deformation
	twins were harder than the matrix. This observation is perhaps the
	first experimental evidence for the Basinski mechanism for hardening
	associated with twinning, arising from the transition of glissile
	dislocations to a sessile configuration upon the lattice reorientation
	by twinning shear. This work also provided direct evidence for two
	competing effects of deformation twinning on the overall stress-strain
	response: (1) hardening via both a reduction of the effective slip
	length (Hall-Petch effect) and an increase in the hardness of twinned
	regions (Basinski mechanism) and (2) softening due to the lattice
	reorientation of the twinned regions.},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.01.22},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-006-0171-2}
}

@ARTICLE{Salem2005,
  author = {A.A. Salem and S.R. Kalidindi and S.L. Semiatin},
  title = {Strain hardening due to deformation twinning in [alpha]-titanium:
	Constitutive relations and crystal-plasticity modeling},
  journal = {Acta Materialia},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {53},
  pages = {3495 - 3502},
  number = {12},
  abstract = {The mechanisms governing twin-induced strain hardening of high-purity
	[alpha]-titanium at room temperature were incorporated into constitutive
	laws to describe the evolution of both twin and slip resistance due
	to deformation twinning. The proposed equations were incorporated
	in a Taylor-type crystal plasticity model to predict mechanical behavior
	and texture evolution for different deformation paths. Model predictions
	for the overall stress-strain response and texture evolution compared
	well with the experimental results. Specifically, the model captured
	the three stages of strain hardening for uniaxial-compression and
	plane-strain-compression testing of [alpha]-titanium. In addition,
	predicted texture evolution due to the reorientation of twinned area
	showed excellent agreement with the observations. These findings
	proved the necessity of incorporating twinning and its associated
	hardening mechanisms in realistic constitutive descriptions to account
	for anisotropic strain-hardening behavior and texture evolution in
	materials that deform by both slip and twinning.},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2005.04.014},
  issn = {1359-6454},
  keywords = {Texture},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.01.22},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TW8-4G94J1C-2/2/9745b826d50791e36598ba02e5b0d4e1}
}

@ARTICLE{Santhanam1970,
  author = {A. T. Santhanam and R. E. Reed-Hill},
  title = {Work hardening peaks in [alpha]-titanium},
  journal = {Scripta Metallurgica},
  year = {1970},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {529 - 531},
  number = {7},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0036-9748(70)90010-4},
  issn = {0036-9748},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.12},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B759T-48J027T-DJ/2/ca4f3b94f041545b1151e6f45505ffec}
}

@ARTICLE{Schroeter2003,
  author = {Brian M. Schroeter and David L. McDowell},
  title = {Measurement of deformation fields in polycrystalline OFHC copper},
  journal = {International Journal of Plasticity},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {19},
  pages = {1355 - 1376},
  number = {9},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/S0749-6419(02)00040-2},
  issn = {0749-6419},
  keywords = {Polycrystalline materials},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.04.09},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-46YXJ7T-6/2/b748033823db97fbbe1b560258cbdb1b}
}

@ARTICLE{Scrivens2007,
  author = {Scrivens, W. and Luo, Y. and Sutton, M. and Collette, S. and Myrick,
	M. and Miney, P. and Colavita, P. and Reynolds, A. and Li, X.},
  title = {Development of Patterns for Digital Image Correlation Measurements
	at Reduced Length Scales},
  journal = {Experimental Mechanics},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {47},
  pages = {63--77},
  number = {1},
  month = feb,
  abstract = {Abstract&nbsp;&nbsp;Methods for patterning metal thin films at the
	microscale and nanoscale by applying the patterns to metallic and
	polymeric materials for use in shape and deformation measurements
	in a scanning electron microsope (SEM) or other high magnification
	imaging system are described. In one approach, thin films of metallic
	materials (e.g., Au, Ag, Cu, and Cr) are applied to a variety of
	substrates. The coated samples are then placed into a reaction vessel,
	where the specimens are heated and exposed to a nitrogen atmosphere
	saturated with selected volatile chemicals. This process results
	in nano-scale remodeling of the metallic films, thereby affording
	high contrast random patterns with different morphologies. In a second
	approach, thin films of metallic materials, including gold and silver,
	also have been applied using a simplified UV photolithographic method
	requiring a minimum amount of laboratory preparation. Using selected
	substrates, both methods have been used successfully to transfer
	patterns onto polymeric and metallic materials ranging from 50–500
	nanometers with chemical vapor rearrangement and 2 to 20 microns
	with UV photolithography, providing a pattern that can be used with
	digital image correlation to quantify both the surface profile and
	also surface deformations at reduced length scales.},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.25},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11340-006-5869-y}
}

@ARTICLE{Semiatin1985,
  author = {Semiatin, S. and Ghosh, A. and Jonas, J.},
  title = {A simplified numerical analysis of the sheet tensile test},
  journal = {Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A},
  year = {1985},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {2291--2298},
  number = {12},
  month = dec,
  abstract = {Abstract&nbsp;&nbsp;A simplified numerical analysis of the tensile
	test for sheet metal specimens is presented with particular emphasis
	on the relationship between plastic flow parameters and tensile ductility.
	This analysis is based on a one-dimensional, “long wavelength�?
	approximation in which the stress state is assumed to be uniaxial
	throughout the deformation. To account for the influence of necking
	and triaxiality on the flow behavior, however, an extended Bridgman
	correction for sheet specimens deformed under conditions of plane
	stress is employed. The governing equilibrium equation and boundary
	conditions are discretized to obtain computer solutions. Engineering
	stress-strain curves and strain distributions in deformed tensile
	specimens are compared to results from a more complex formulation
	previously published in the technical literature and show good agreement
	with it.},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.10},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02670429}
}

@ARTICLE{Song1995,
  author = {S. G. Song and G. T. Gray},
  title = {Structural interpretation of the nucleation and growth of deformation
	twins in Zr and Ti--I. Application of the coincidence site lattice
	(CSL) theory to twinning problems in h.c.p. structures},
  journal = {Acta Metallurgica et Materialia},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {43},
  pages = {2325 - 2337},
  number = {6},
  abstract = {A step-wise nucleation and growth mechanism based on the coincidence
	site lattice (CSL) theory is proposed for deformation twinning in
	h.c.p. structures. Lattice transformation during twinning is accomplished
	by a coordinated movement of a large number of atoms between two
	lattice match planes from the matrix to twin positions rather than
	a layer by layer movement through twinning dislocations as proposed
	for twinning dislocation theories. The sidewise propagation and thickening
	of a twin lamella proceeds in a step-wise manner with lattice match
	planes being the coherent boundaries between the matrix and twins.
	This model predicts that twinning in h.c.p. lattices can occur at
	a high velocity close to the sound speed, which is impossible according
	to twinning dislocation theories. The proposed mechanism is also
	consistent with other observations such as lack of critical-resolved-shear-stress
	for twinning, emissary dislocations, and insensitivity to temperature.
	Dislocation reactions may be involved in twinning although they are,
	at high stresses, not required.},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0956-7151(94)00433-1},
  issn = {0956-7151},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.01.22},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B7599-49FY37T-9M/2/74a19901a871a83da911616d5f2993da}
}

@ARTICLE{Song1995a,
  author = {S. G. Song and G. T. Gray},
  title = {Structural interpretation of the nucleation and growth of deformation
	twins in Zr and Ti--II. Tem study of twin morphology and defect reactions
	during twinning},
  journal = {Acta Metallurgica et Materialia},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {43},
  pages = {2339 - 2350},
  number = {6},
  abstract = {A TEM study of mechanical twinning in Ti and Zr was performed. A large
	number of [0001]-dislocations which are rarely seen in the matrix,
	and a new type of stacking fault were found within deformation twins
	in both materials. Matrix dislocations were observed to actively
	interact with the tips of twin embryos and step ledges of growing
	twin lamellae. Twin embryos bounded by straight coherent and inclined
	semi-coherent boundaries were observed. These results as well as
	the morphological variation of twin lamellae during deformation do
	not agree with twinning dislocation theories but support a step-wise
	nucleation and growth mechanism proposed for deformation twinning
	in h.c.p. structures. Extended discussions are provided to address
	unanswered questions in the literature concerning deformation twinning.},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0956-7151(94)00434-X},
  issn = {0956-7151},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.01.22},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B7599-49FY37T-9N/2/8d2f35458aeb7062e85e4b4456a953c7}
}

@ARTICLE{Stanford2008,
  author = {Stanford, N. and Carlson, U. and Barnett, M.R.},
  title = {Deformation Twinning and the Hall–Petch Relation in Commercial
	Purity Ti},
  journal = {Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {39},
  pages = {934--944},
  number = {4},
  month = apr,
  abstract = {Abstract&nbsp;&nbsp;The effect of grain size and deformation temperature
	on the behavior of wire-drawn α-Ti during compression has been examined.
	At strains of 0.3, the flow stress exhibited a negative Hall–Petch
	slope. This is proposed to result from the prevalence of twinning
	during the compressive deformation. Electron backscattered diffraction
	revealed that $$ \{ 10\ifmmode\expandafter\bar\else\expandafter\=\fi{1}2\}
	$$ was the most prolific twin type across all the deformation temperatures
	and grain sizes examined. Of the twinning modes observed, $$ \{ 11\ifmmode\expandafter\bar\else\expandafter\=\fi{2}2\}
	$$ twinning was the most sensitive to the grain size and deformation
	temperature. The range of morphologies exhibited by deformation twins
	is also described.},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.05.04},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-007-9442-9}
}

@ARTICLE{Stroh1954,
  author = {Stroh, A. N.},
  title = {The Formation of Cracks as a Result of Plastic Flow},
  journal = {Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical
	and Physical Sciences},
  year = {1954},
  volume = {223},
  pages = {404--414},
  number = {1154},
  date = {May 6, 1954},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.18},
  url = {http://rspa.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/223/1154/404.abstract}
}

@ARTICLE{Sun2001,
  author = {Q. Y. Sun and X. P. Song and H. C. Gu},
  title = {Cyclic deformation behaviour of commercially pure titanium at cryogenic
	temperature},
  journal = {International Journal of Fatigue},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {23},
  pages = {187 - 191},
  number = {3},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/S0142-1123(00)00089-X},
  issn = {0142-1123},
  keywords = {Titanium},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.04.20},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V35-42992CH-1/2/4083b6ebaa36adb6aa78ccbfb126ae29}
}

@ARTICLE{Sutton2007,
  author = {Sutton, M. and Li, N. and Garcia, D. and Cornille, N. and Orteu,
	J. and McNeill, S. and Schreier, H. and Li, X. and Reynolds, A.},
  title = {Scanning Electron Microscopy for Quantitative Small and Large Deformation
	Measurements Part II: Experimental Validation for Magnifications
	from 200 to 10,000},
  journal = {Experimental Mechanics},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {47},
  pages = {789--804},
  number = {6},
  month = dec,
  abstract = {Abstract&nbsp;&nbsp;A combination of drift distortion removal and
	spatial distortion removal are performed to correct Scanning Electron
	Microscope (SEM) images at both �200 and �10,000 magnification.
	Using multiple, time-spaced images and in-plane rigid body motions
	to extract the relative displacement field throughout the imaging
	process, results from numerical simulations clearly demonstrate that
	the correction procedures successfully remove both drift and spatial
	distortions with errors on the order of �0.02&nbsp;pixels. A series
	of 2D translation and tensile loading experiments are performed in
	an SEM for magnifications at �200 and �10,000, where both the
	drift and spatial distortion removal methods described above are
	applied to correct the digital images and improve the accuracy of
	measurements obtained using 2D-DIC. Results from translation and
	loading experiments indicate that (a) the fully corrected displacement
	components have nearly random variability with standard deviation
	of 0.02&nbsp;pixels (≈25&nbsp;nm at �200 and ≈0.5&nbsp;nm at
	�10,000) in each displacement component and (b) the measured strain
	fields are unbiased and in excellent agreement with expected results,
	with a spatial resolution of 43&nbsp;pixels (≈54&nbsp;μm at �200
	and ≈1.1&nbsp;μm at �10,000) and a standard deviation on the
	order of 6 � 10−5 for each component.},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.25},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11340-007-9041-0}
}

@ARTICLE{Sutton2007a,
  author = {Sutton, M. and Li, N. and Joy, D. and Reynolds, A. and Li, X.},
  title = {Scanning Electron Microscopy for Quantitative Small and Large Deformation
	Measurements Part I: SEM Imaging at Magnifications from 200 to 10,000},
  journal = {Experimental Mechanics},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {47},
  pages = {775--787},
  number = {6},
  month = dec,
  abstract = {Abstract&nbsp;&nbsp;A series of baseline displacement measurements
	have been obtained using 2D Digital Image Correlation (2D-DIC) and
	images from Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM). Direct correlation
	of subsets from a reference image to subsets in a series of uncorrected
	images is used to identify the presence of non-stationary step-changes
	in the measured displacements. Using image time integration and recently
	developed approaches to correct residual drift and spatial distortions
	in recorded images, results clearly indicate that the corrected SEM
	images can be used to extract deformations with displacement accuracy
	of �0.02 pixels (1&nbsp;nm at magnification of 10,000) and mean
	value strain measurements that are consistent with independent estimates
	and have point-to-point strain variability of �1.5 � 10−4.},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.25},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11340-007-9042-z}
}

@ARTICLE{Takahashi2009,
  author = {Yoshimasa Takahashi and Masaki Tanaka and Kenji Higashida and Hiroshi
	Noguchi},
  title = {Hydrogen-induced slip localization around a quasi-brittle fatigue
	crack observed by high-voltage electron microscopy},
  journal = {Scripta Materialia},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {61},
  pages = {145 - 148},
  number = {2},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2009.03.020},
  issn = {1359-6462},
  keywords = {TEM},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.05.20},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TY2-4VW558T-1/2/8155f0b3726238215bc70e8372a4fa06}
}

@ARTICLE{Tan1998,
  author = {Tan, X. and Gu, H. and Laird, C. and Munroe, N.},
  title = {Cyclic deformation behavior of high-purity titanium single crystals:
	Part I. Orientation dependence of stress-strain response},
  journal = {Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {29},
  pages = {507--512},
  number = {2},
  month = feb,
  abstract = {Abstract&nbsp;&nbsp;Randomly oriented single crystals of high-purity
	titanium were prepared by strain annealing and were subjected to
	multiple-step fatigue testing under strain-controlled conditions,
	in order to determine their cyclic stress-strain curves (CSSCs).
	These were found to fall into three groups, depending on orientation
	and the extent of slip and twinning. For those crystals oriented
	for single prismatic slip, a plateau was observed in the CSSCs, persistent
	slip bands (PSBs) occurred, and the plateau stress was 38 MPa. In
	a second group, oriented for prismatic slip but for which cross-slip
	and twinning was favored, the plateau was suppressed and the flow
	stresses were higher. In a third group, connected with orientations
	on the borders of the unit triangle, extensive hardening occurred,
	the CSSCs were steep, and there were multiple cases of slip and twinning.
	The results are interpreted in terms of maps in the stereographic
	projection recording the Schmid factors for the various deformation
	modes.},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.04.23},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-998-0131-0}
}

@ARTICLE{Tanaka1972,
  author = {T Tanaka and H Conrad},
  title = {Deformation kinetics for {101[combining macron]0}<112[combining macron]0>
	slip in titanium single crystals below 0.4Tm},
  journal = {Acta Metallurgica},
  year = {1972},
  volume = {20},
  pages = {1019 - 1029},
  number = {8},
  abstract = {The deformation kinetics for {101[combining macron]0}<112[combining
	macron]0> slip in zone refined titanium single crystals of ~0.05
	at.% Oeq total interstitial content were investigated in tension
	over the temperature range of 4.2-650�K. Using the thermally activated
	approach, values of the usual activation parameters were determined
	and found to be in good agreement with those reported previously
	for polycrystalline titanium with total interstitial contents ranging
	from 0.05 to 1 at.% Oeq. This agreement supports the earlier conclusion
	that the deformation kinetics in polycrystalline titanium are associated
	with slip on the first-order prism planes. Also, the present data
	support the earlier proposal that the rate controlling dislocation
	mechanism during the low temperature deformation of titanium is thermally
	activated overcoming of interstitial solute obstacles. Comparison
	of the single crystal results with those on polycrystals yielded
	a value of 5 for the Taylor factor relating resolved shear stress
	to the tensile stress in titanium polycrystals.},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/0001-6160(72)90136-8},
  issn = {0001-6160},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.01.22},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B7598-48KNY87-WK/2/941561542f234ab354d026145908eba2}
}

@ARTICLE{Tonda2002,
  author = {Tonda, Hideki and Ando, Shinji},
  title = {Effect of temperature and shear direction on yield stress by 11},
  journal = {Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {33},
  pages = {831--836},
  number = {3},
  month = mar,
  abstract = {Abstract&nbsp;&nbsp;The yield shear stress τ},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.02.12},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-002-0152-z}
}

@ARTICLE{Tong2005,
  author = {Tong, Wei and Tao, Hong and Zhang, Nian and Jiang, Xiquan and Marya,
	Manuel and Hector, Louis and Gayden, Xiaohong},
  title = {Deformation and fracture of miniature tensile bars with resistance-spot-weld
	microstructures},
  journal = {Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {36},
  pages = {2651--2669},
  number = {10},
  month = oct,
  abstract = {Abstract&nbsp;&nbsp;Plastic deformation of miniature tensile bars
	generated from dual-phase steel weld microstructures (i.e., fusion
	zone, heat-affected zone, and base material) was investigated up
	to final rupture failure. Uniaxial tensile true stress-strain curves
	beyond diffuse necking were obtained with a novel strain-mapping
	technique based on digital image correlation (DIC). Key microstructural
	features (including defects) in each of these three metallurgical
	zones were examined to explore the material influence on the plastic
	deformation and failure behavior. For weld fusion zones with minimal
	defects, diffuse necking was found to begin at 6 pct strain and continue
	up to 55 to 80 pct strain. The flow stresses of the weld fusion zones
	were at least twice those of the base material, and fracture strains
	exceeded 100 pct for both materials. The heat-affected zones exhibited
	a range of complex deformation behaviors, as expected from their
	microstructural variety. Only those fusion zones with substantial
	defects (e.g., shrinkage voids, cracks, and contaminants) failed
	prematurely by edge cracking, as signaled by their highly irregular
	strain maps.},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.25},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-005-0263-4}
}

@ARTICLE{Ungar2008,
  author = {T. Ung�r and M.G. Glavicic and L. Balogh and K. Nyilas and A.A. Salem
	and G. Rib�rik and S.L. Semiatin},
  title = {The use of X-ray diffraction to determine slip and twinning activity
	in commercial-purity (CP) titanium},
  journal = {Materials Science and Engineering: A},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {493},
  pages = {79 - 85},
  number = {1-2},
  note = {Mechanical Behavior of Nanostructured Materials, a Symposium Held
	in Honor of Carl Koch at the TMS Annual Meeting 2007, Orlando, Florida},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2007.06.096},
  issn = {0921-5093},
  keywords = {Titanium},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.25},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXD-4RBYD2M-5/2/1dcd434111b67d44cb6d074cd4d9e544}
}

@ARTICLE{Wang2009,
  author = {L. Wang and S.R. Daniewicz and M.F. Horstemeyer and S. Sintay and
	A.D. Rollett},
  title = {Three-dimensional finite element analysis using crystal plasticity
	for a parameter study of fatigue crack incubation in a 7075 aluminum
	alloy},
  journal = {International Journal of Fatigue},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {31},
  pages = {659 - 667},
  number = {4},
  abstract = {Three-dimensional finite element analysis of a bicrystal using a crystal
	plasticity constitutive theory was performed to compute the maximum
	plastic shear strain range in the matrix, at the particle/matrix
	interface, and at the bicrystal boundary. Using the finite element
	analysis results, a design of experiments (DOE) technique was employed
	to understand and quantify the effects of seven parameters on fatigue
	crack incubation: applied displacement, load ratio, particle modulus,
	the number of initially active slip systems, the relative crystallographic
	misorientation at the grain boundary, the particle aspect ratio,
	and the normalized particle size. The simulations clearly showed
	that the applied displacement is the most influential parameter.
	In most cases, particles were found to be more significant than bicrystal
	boundaries for incubation. The number of initially active slip systems,
	the particle aspect ratio, and the normalized particle size showed
	some influences on fatigue incubation. The particle modulus was the
	least influential parameter.},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2008.03.022},
  issn = {0142-1123},
  keywords = {Crystal plasticity},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.05.04},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V35-4S4TNY3-1/2/19b9e03f31d80e2c188e041dade66004}
}

@ARTICLE{Williams1968,
  author = {Williams, J. C. and Blackburn, M. J.},
  title = {The identification of a Non-Basal slip vector in titanium and Titanium-Aluminum
	alloys},
  journal = {Physica Status Solidi (b)},
  year = {1968},
  volume = {25},
  pages = {K1-K3},
  number = {1},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.02.12},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssb.19680250146}
}

@ARTICLE{Wu2007,
  author = {Xianping Wu and Surya R. Kalidindi and Carl Necker and Ayman A. Salem},
  title = {Prediction of crystallographic texture evolution and anisotropic
	stress-strain curves during large plastic strains in high purity
	[alpha]-titanium using a Taylor-type crystal plasticity model},
  journal = {Acta Materialia},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {55},
  pages = {423 - 432},
  number = {2},
  abstract = {A new Taylor-type polycrystalline model has been developed to simulate
	the evolution of crystallographic texture and the anisotropic stress-strain
	response during large plastic deformation of high purity [alpha]-titanium
	at room temperature. Crystallographic slip, deformation twinning
	and slip inside twinned regions were all considered as contributing
	mechanisms for the plastic strain in the model. This was accomplished
	by treating the dominant twin systems in a given crystal as independent
	grains once the total twin volume fraction in that crystal reached
	a predetermined saturation value. The newly formed grains were allowed
	to independently undergo further slip and the concomitant lattice
	rotation, but further twinning was prohibited. New descriptions have
	been established for slip and twin hardening and the complex coupling
	between them. Good predictions were obtained for the overall anisotropic
	stress-strain response and texture evolution in three different monotonic
	deformation paths on annealed, initially textured samples of high
	purity [alpha]-titanium.},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2006.08.034},
  issn = {1359-6454},
  keywords = {Twinning},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.01.22},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TW8-4M63RXJ-6/2/b13d16ac5a205e5218141b1a25b85a27}
}

@ARTICLE{Xiao2005,
  author = {Lin Xiao},
  title = {Twinning behavior in the Ti-5�at.% Al single crystals during cyclic
	loading along [0�0�0�1]},
  journal = {Materials Science and Engineering A},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {394},
  pages = {168 - 175},
  number = {1-2},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2004.11.039},
  issn = {0921-5093},
  keywords = {Titanium single crystal},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.04.20},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXD-4F60NFD-3/2/4a198451bf43350ecccd7a9f36b12608}
}

@ARTICLE{Xiao2003,
  author = {Xiao, L. and Umakoshi, Y.},
  title = {Cyclic deformation behaviour and saturation bundle structure in Ti–5 at.% Al
	single crystals deforming by single prism slip},
  journal = {Philosophical Magazine},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {83},
  pages = {3407--3426},
  number = {30},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  timestamp = {2009.04.22},
  url = {http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/14786430310001603454}
}

@ARTICLE{Xiao2002,
  author = {Xiao, L. and Umakoshi, Y.},
  title = {Cyclic deformation behaviour and dislocation structure of Ti-5 at.%
	Al single crystals oriented for double prism slip},
  journal = {Philosophical Magazine A},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {82},
  pages = {2379--2396},
  number = {12},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  timestamp = {2009.04.22},
  url = {http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/01418610208240042}
}

@ARTICLE{Yoo2002,
  author = {Yoo, M. and Morris, J. and Ho, K. and Agnew, S.},
  title = {Nonbasal deformation modes of HCP metals and alloys: Role of dislocation
	source and mobility},
  journal = {Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {33},
  pages = {813--822},
  number = {13},
  month = mar,
  abstract = {Abstract&nbsp;&nbsp;A review is presented on the role of dislocation
	cores and planar faults in activating the nonbasal deformation modes,
	&lt;c + a&gt; pyramidal slip and deformation twinning, in hcp metals
	and alloys and in D019 intermetallic compounds. Material-specific
	mechanical behavior arises from a competition between alternate defect
	structures that determine the deformation modes. We emphasize the
	importance of accurate atomistic modeling of these defects, going
	beyond simple interatomic energy models. Recent results from both
	experiments and theory are summarized by discussing specific examples
	of Ti and Mg single crystals; Ti-, Zr-, and Mg-base alloys; and Ti3Al
	ordered alloys. Remaining key issues and directions for future research
	are also discussed.},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.01.22},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-002-1013-5}
}

@ARTICLE{Yoo1991,
  author = {Yoo, M. H. and Lee, J. K.},
  title = {Deformation twinning in h.c.p. metals and alloys},
  journal = {Philosophical Magazine A},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {63},
  pages = {987--1000},
  number = {5},
  issn = {0141-8610},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  timestamp = {2009.01.22},
  url = {http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/01418619108213931}
}

@ARTICLE{Zeng2009,
  author = {Zhipeng Zeng and Yanshu Zhang and Stefan Jonsson},
  title = {Microstructure and texture evolution of commercial pure titanium
	deformed at elevated temperatures},
  journal = {Materials Science and Engineering: A},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {513-514},
  pages = {83 - 90},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2009.01.065},
  issn = {0921-5093},
  keywords = {Commercial pure titanium},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.05.04},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TXD-4VJ4WS3-1/2/b0fdaa847bc30ee8800b21baf24a500d}
}

@ARTICLE{Zhang2007,
  author = {M. Zhang and J. Zhang and D.L. McDowell},
  title = {Microstructure-based crystal plasticity modeling of cyclic deformation
	of Ti-6Al-4V},
  journal = {International Journal of Plasticity},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {23},
  pages = {1328 - 1348},
  number = {8},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.ijplas.2006.11.009},
  issn = {0749-6419},
  keywords = {Crystal plasticity},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.18},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TWX-4MY0TTV-1/2/ec2eaa204c6c095020809303280674e3}
}

@ARTICLE{Zhang1997,
  author = {Zhang, Z. and Gu, H. and Tan, X.},
  title = {Influence of low cycle fatigue on deformation twins in commercial
	purity titanium},
  journal = {Journal of Materials Science Letters},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {17},
  pages = {211--214},
  number = {3},
  month = feb,
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.04.17},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006532227698}
}

@ARTICLE{Zhou2008,
  author = {A.G. Zhou and S. Basu and M.W. Barsoum},
  title = {Kinking nonlinear elasticity, damping and microyielding of hexagonal
	close-packed metals},
  journal = {Acta Materialia},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {56},
  pages = {60 - 67},
  number = {1},
  doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2007.08.050},
  issn = {1359-6454},
  keywords = {Compression test},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.04.17},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TW8-4R2H229-1/2/412f7e7fa0b2d6534d30cd704f3187db}
}

@ARTICLE{Aa�ob1975,
  author = {Šob, M. and Kratochvíl, J. and Kroupa, F.},
  title = {Theory of strengthening of alpha titanium by interstitial solutes},
  journal = {Czechoslovak Journal of Physics},
  year = {1975},
  volume = {25},
  pages = {872--890},
  number = {8},
  month = aug,
  abstract = {It is assumed that the core structure of screw dislocations in the
	h.c.p. lattice of a-Ti can be described by a sessile splitting on
	the prism plane and on the first order pyramidal plane simultaneously
	and that slip can proceed after its transformation into a glissile
	configuration on the prism plane. The strengthening by interstitial
	solutes O, N, C is explained by their impeding role in these sessile-glissile
	transformations. A good agreement between the theoretical temperature
	dependences of the effective stress for different interstitial content
	and the experimental values can be reached if the effect of impurities
	on the stacking fault energies is also taken into account. The similarity
	between the role of screw dislocations in the low temperature deformation
	of h.c.p. metals with more slip systems operating and of b.c.c. metals
	is stressed.},
  owner = {yj.ro},
  timestamp = {2009.03.25},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01589305}
}