Additional feature to the RGC scheme: The volumetric consistency constraint. This is implemented by penalizing any volumetric discrepancy which occurs due to severe relaxation. The penalty for volume inconsistency is described using a power-law model. The setting for this function can be done in the numerics.config via three new parameters, i.e., maxvoldiscrepancy_RGC, voldiscrepancymod_RGC and discrepancypower_RGC. For monintoring, an extra output variable in prescribed in the material.config in the RGC section, namely "(output) volumediscrepancy".

IO.f90 and numerics.f90 has been modified accordingly to accommodate these changes
This commit is contained in:
Denny Tjahjanto 2009-12-16 16:20:53 +00:00
parent 39d1932e2b
commit 3ab5cdc770
5 changed files with 152 additions and 37 deletions

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@ -1054,9 +1054,11 @@ endfunction
case (277)
msg = 'Non-positive relevant mismatch in RGC'
case (278)
msg = 'Non-positive positive definite viscosity model in RGC'
msg = 'Non-positive definite viscosity model in RGC'
case (288)
msg = 'Non-positive maximum threshold of relaxation change in RGC'
case (289)
msg = 'Non-positive definite volume discrepancy penalty in RGC'
!* Error message when selected perturbation method is not defined
case (299)

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@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ MODULE homogenization_RGC
integer(pInt), dimension(:,:), allocatable :: homogenization_RGC_Ngrains
real(pReal), dimension(:,:), allocatable :: homogenization_RGC_xiAlpha, &
homogenization_RGC_ciAlpha
real(pReal), dimension(:), allocatable :: homogenization_RGC_maxVol0, &
homogenization_RGC_vPower0
character(len=64), dimension(:,:), allocatable :: homogenization_RGC_output
CONTAINS
@ -68,6 +70,8 @@ subroutine homogenization_RGC_init(&
allocate(homogenization_RGC_Ngrains(3,maxNinstance)); homogenization_RGC_Ngrains = 0_pInt
allocate(homogenization_RGC_ciAlpha(3,maxNinstance)); homogenization_RGC_ciAlpha = 0.0_pReal
allocate(homogenization_RGC_xiAlpha(3,maxNinstance)); homogenization_RGC_xiAlpha = 0.0_pReal
allocate(homogenization_RGC_maxVol0(maxNinstance)); homogenization_RGC_maxVol0 = 0.0_pReal
allocate(homogenization_RGC_vPower0(maxNinstance)); homogenization_RGC_vPower0 = 0.0_pReal
allocate(homogenization_RGC_output(maxval(homogenization_Noutput),maxNinstance)); homogenization_RGC_output = ''
rewind(file)
@ -106,6 +110,10 @@ subroutine homogenization_RGC_init(&
homogenization_RGC_ciAlpha(1,i) = IO_floatValue(line,positions,2)
homogenization_RGC_ciAlpha(2,i) = IO_floatValue(line,positions,3)
homogenization_RGC_ciAlpha(3,i) = IO_floatValue(line,positions,4)
case ('maxvoldiscrepancy')
homogenization_RGC_maxVol0(i) = IO_floatValue(line,positions,2)
case ('discrepancypower')
homogenization_RGC_vPower0(i) = IO_floatValue(line,positions,2)
end select
endif
enddo
@ -119,10 +127,13 @@ subroutine homogenization_RGC_init(&
case('constitutivework')
homogenization_RGC_sizePostResults(i) = &
homogenization_RGC_sizePostResults(i) + 1
case('magnitudemismatch')
homogenization_RGC_sizePostResults(i) = &
homogenization_RGC_sizePostResults(i) + 1
case('penaltyenergy')
homogenization_RGC_sizePostResults(i) = &
homogenization_RGC_sizePostResults(i) + 1
case('magnitudemismatch')
case('volumediscrepancy')
homogenization_RGC_sizePostResults(i) = &
homogenization_RGC_sizePostResults(i) + 1
end select
@ -132,7 +143,8 @@ subroutine homogenization_RGC_init(&
= 3*(homogenization_RGC_Ngrains(1,i)-1)*homogenization_RGC_Ngrains(2,i)*homogenization_RGC_Ngrains(3,i) &
+ 3*homogenization_RGC_Ngrains(1,i)*(homogenization_RGC_Ngrains(2,i)-1)*homogenization_RGC_Ngrains(3,i) &
+ 3*homogenization_RGC_Ngrains(1,i)*homogenization_RGC_Ngrains(2,i)*(homogenization_RGC_Ngrains(3,i)-1) &
+ 3_pInt ! (1) Average constitutive work, (2) Average penalty energy, (3) Overall mismatch
+ 4_pInt ! (1) Average constitutive work, (2) Overall mismatch, (3) Average penalty energy,
! (4) Volume discrepancy
enddo
return
@ -277,11 +289,11 @@ function homogenization_RGC_updateState(&
integer(pInt), dimension (4) :: intFaceN,intFaceP,faceID
integer(pInt), dimension (3) :: nGDim,iGr3N,iGr3P,stresLoc
integer(pInt), dimension (2) :: residLoc
integer(pInt) homID,i1,i2,i3,iNum,i,j,nIntFaceTot,iGrN,iGrP,iMun,iFace,k,l,ival,ipert,iGrain
real(pReal), dimension (3,3,homogenization_maxNgrains) :: R,pF,pR
integer(pInt) homID,i1,i2,i3,iNum,i,j,nIntFaceTot,iGrN,iGrP,iMun,iFace,k,l,ival,ipert,iGrain,nGrain
real(pReal), dimension (3,3,homogenization_maxNgrains) :: R,pF,pR,D,pD
real(pReal), dimension (homogenization_maxNgrains) :: NN,pNN
real(pReal), dimension (3) :: normP,normN,mornP,mornN
real(pReal) residMax,stresMax,constitutiveWork,penaltyEnergy
real(pReal) residMax,stresMax,constitutiveWork,penaltyEnergy,volDiscrep,penDiscrep
logical error,RGCdebug,RGCdebugJacobi,RGCcheck
!
integer(pInt), parameter :: nFace = 6
@ -296,6 +308,7 @@ function homogenization_RGC_updateState(&
!* Get the dimension of the cluster (grains and interfaces)
homID = homogenization_typeInstance(mesh_element(3,el))
nGDim = homogenization_RGC_Ngrains(:,homID)
nGrain = homogenization_Ngrains(mesh_element(3,el))
nIntFaceTot = (nGDim(1)-1)*nGDim(2)*nGDim(3) + nGDim(1)*(nGDim(2)-1)*nGDim(3) &
+ nGDim(1)*nGDim(2)*(nGDim(3)-1)
@ -316,19 +329,26 @@ function homogenization_RGC_updateState(&
!* Stress-like penalty related to mismatch or incompatibility at interfaces
call homogenization_RGC_stressPenalty(R,NN,F,ip,el,homID)
!* Debugging the mismatch, stress and penalty of grains
if (RGCdebug) then
do iGrain = 1,homogenization_Ngrains(mesh_element(3,el))
!* Stress-like penalty related to overall volume discrepancy
call homogenization_RGC_volumePenalty(D,volDiscrep,F,avgF,ip,el,homID)
!* Debugging the mismatch, stress and penalties of grains
if (el == 1 .and. ip == 1) then
do iGrain = 1,nGrain
write(6,'(x,a30,x,i3,x,a4,x,e14.8)')'Mismatch magnitude of grain(',iGrain,') :',NN(iGrain)
write(6,*)' '
write(6,'(x,a30,x,i3)')'Stress and penalty of grain: ',iGrain
write(6,'(x,a30,x,i3)')'Stress and penalties of grain: ',iGrain
do i = 1,3
write(6,'(x,3(e14.8,x),x,3(e14.8,x))')(P(i,j,iGrain), j = 1,3),(R(i,j,iGrain), j = 1,3)
write(6,'(x,3(e14.8,x),x,3(e14.8,x),x,3(e14.8,x))')(P(i,j,iGrain), j = 1,3), &
(R(i,j,iGrain), j = 1,3), &
(D(i,j,iGrain), j = 1,3)
enddo
write(6,*)' '
enddo
endif
!* Compute the residual stress from the balance of traction at all (interior) interfaces
do iNum = 1,nIntFaceTot
call homogenization_RGC_interface1to4(faceID,iNum,homID)
@ -347,8 +367,8 @@ function homogenization_RGC_updateState(&
tract(iNum,i) = sign(viscModus_RGC*(abs(drelax(i+3*(iNum-1))/dt))**ratePower_RGC, &
drelax(i+3*(iNum-1)))
do j = 1,3
tract(iNum,i) = tract(iNum,i) + (P(i,j,iGrP) + R(i,j,iGrP))*normP(j) &
+ (P(i,j,iGrN) + R(i,j,iGrN))*normN(j)
tract(iNum,i) = tract(iNum,i) + (P(i,j,iGrP) + R(i,j,iGrP) + D(i,j,iGrP))*normP(j) &
+ (P(i,j,iGrN) + R(i,j,iGrN) + D(i,j,iGrN))*normN(j)
resid(i+3*(iNum-1)) = tract(iNum,i) ! map into 1D residual array
enddo
enddo
@ -386,25 +406,29 @@ function homogenization_RGC_updateState(&
endif
! write(6,'(x,a,x,i3,x,a6,x,i3,x,a12)')'RGC_updateState: ip',ip,'| el',el,'converged :)'
!* Then compute/update the state for postResult, i.e., ...
!* ... the (bulk) constitutive work and penalty energy
!* ... all energy densities computed by time-integration
constitutiveWork = state%p(3*nIntFaceTot+1)
penaltyEnergy = state%p(3*nIntFaceTot+2)
penaltyEnergy = state%p(3*nIntFaceTot+3)
do iGrain = 1,homogenization_Ngrains(mesh_element(3,el))
do i = 1,3
do j = 1,3
constitutiveWork = constitutiveWork + P(i,j,iGrain)*(F(i,j,iGrain) - F0(i,j,iGrain))
penaltyEnergy = penaltyEnergy + R(i,j,iGrain)*(F(i,j,iGrain) - F0(i,j,iGrain))
constitutiveWork = constitutiveWork + P(i,j,iGrain)*(F(i,j,iGrain) - F0(i,j,iGrain))/dble(nGrain)
penaltyEnergy = penaltyEnergy + R(i,j,iGrain)*(F(i,j,iGrain) - F0(i,j,iGrain))/dble(nGrain)
enddo
enddo
enddo
!* ... the bulk mechanical/constitutive work
state%p(3*nIntFaceTot+1) = constitutiveWork
state%p(3*nIntFaceTot+2) = penaltyEnergy
!* ... the overall mismatch
state%p(3*nIntFaceTot+3) = sum(NN)
if (RGCdebug) then
state%p(3*nIntFaceTot+2) = sum(NN)/dble(nGrain)
state%p(3*nIntFaceTot+3) = penaltyEnergy
!* ... the volume discrepancy
state%p(3*nIntFaceTot+4) = volDiscrep
if (el == 1 .and. ip == 1) then
write(6,'(x,a30,x,e14.8)')'Constitutive work: ',constitutiveWork
write(6,'(x,a30,x,e14.8)')'Penalty energy: ',penaltyEnergy
write(6,'(x,a30,x,e14.8)')'Magnitude mismatch: ',sum(NN)
write(6,'(x,a30,x,e14.8)')'Penalty energy: ',penaltyEnergy
write(6,'(x,a30,x,e14.8)')'Volume discrepancy: ',volDiscrep
write(6,*)''
call flush(6)
endif
@ -489,6 +513,7 @@ function homogenization_RGC_updateState(&
state%p(1:3*nIntFaceTot) = p_relax
call homogenization_RGC_grainDeformation(pF,F0,avgF,state,el)
call homogenization_RGC_stressPenalty(pR,pNN,pF,ip,el,homID)
call homogenization_RGC_volumePenalty(pD,volDiscrep,pF,avgF,ip,el,homID)
p_resid = 0.0_pReal
do iNum = 1,nIntFaceTot
call homogenization_RGC_interface1to4(faceID,iNum,homID)
@ -507,7 +532,9 @@ function homogenization_RGC_updateState(&
do i = 1,3
do j = 1,3
p_resid(i+3*(iNum-1)) = p_resid(i+3*(iNum-1)) + (pR(i,j,iGrP) - R(i,j,iGrP))*normP(j) &
+ (pR(i,j,iGrN) - R(i,j,iGrN))*normN(j)
+ (pR(i,j,iGrN) - R(i,j,iGrN))*normN(j) &
+ (pD(i,j,iGrP) - D(i,j,iGrP))*normP(j) &
+ (pD(i,j,iGrN) - D(i,j,iGrN))*normN(j)
enddo
enddo
enddo
@ -708,11 +735,14 @@ pure function homogenization_RGC_postResults(&
case('constitutivework')
homogenization_RGC_postResults(c+1) = state%p(3*nIntFaceTot+1)
c = c + 1
case('magnitudemismatch')
homogenization_RGC_postResults(c+1) = state%p(3*nIntFaceTot+3)
c = c + 1
case('penaltyenergy')
homogenization_RGC_postResults(c+1) = state%p(3*nIntFaceTot+2)
c = c + 1
case('magnitudemismatch')
homogenization_RGC_postResults(c+1) = state%p(3*nIntFaceTot+3)
case('volumediscrepancy')
homogenization_RGC_postResults(c+1) = state%p(3*nIntFaceTot+4)
c = c + 1
end select
enddo
@ -722,13 +752,13 @@ pure function homogenization_RGC_postResults(&
endfunction
!********************************************************************
! subroutine to calculate stress-like penalty due to mismatch
! subroutine to calculate stress-like penalty due to deformation mismatch
!********************************************************************
subroutine homogenization_RGC_stressPenalty(&
rPen, & ! stress-like penalty
nMis, & ! total amount of mismatch
!
fDef, & ! relaxation vectors
fDef, & ! deformation gradients
ip, & ! integration point
el, & ! element
homID & ! homogenization ID
@ -761,7 +791,7 @@ subroutine homogenization_RGC_stressPenalty(&
rPen = 0.0_pReal
nMis = 0.0_pReal
do iGrain = 1,homogenization_Ngrains(mesh_element(3,el))
call homogenization_RGC_equivalentShearMod(muGrain,constitutive_homogenizedC(iGrain,ip,el))
call homogenization_RGC_equivalentModuli(muGrain,constitutive_homogenizedC(iGrain,ip,el))
call homogenization_RGC_grain1to3(iGrain3,iGrain,homID)
!* Compute the mismatch tensor at all six interfaces
do iFace = 1,nFace
@ -779,7 +809,7 @@ subroutine homogenization_RGC_stressPenalty(&
if (iGNghb3(3) < 1) iGNghb3(3) = nGDim(3)
if (iGNghb3(3) > nGDim(3)) iGNghb3(3) = 1
call homogenization_RGC_grain3to1(iGNghb,iGNghb3,homID) ! get the grain neighbor
call homogenization_RGC_equivalentShearMod(muGNghb,constitutive_homogenizedC(iGNghb,ip,el))
call homogenization_RGC_equivalentModuli(muGNghb,constitutive_homogenizedC(iGNghb,ip,el))
gDef = 0.5_pReal*(fDef(:,:,iGNghb) - fDef(:,:,iGrain)) ! difference in F with the neighbor
nDefNorm = 0.0_pReal
nDef = 0.0_pReal
@ -832,9 +862,69 @@ subroutine homogenization_RGC_stressPenalty(&
endsubroutine
!********************************************************************
! subroutine to compute the equivalent shear modulus from the elasticity tensor
! subroutine to calculate stress-like penalty due to volume discrepancy
!********************************************************************
subroutine homogenization_RGC_equivalentShearMod(&
subroutine homogenization_RGC_volumePenalty(&
vPen, & ! stress-like penalty due to volume
vDiscrep, & ! total volume discrepancy
!
fDef, & ! deformation gradients
fAvg, & ! overall deformation gradient
ip, & ! integration point
el, & ! element
homID & ! homogenization ID
)
use prec, only: pReal,pInt,p_vec
use mesh, only: mesh_element
use constitutive, only: constitutive_homogenizedC
use math, only: math_det3x3,math_inv3x3
use material, only: homogenization_maxNgrains,homogenization_Ngrains
use numerics, only: maxVolDiscr_RGC,volDiscrMod_RGC,volDiscrPow_RGC
implicit none
!* Definition of variables
real(pReal), dimension (3,3,homogenization_maxNgrains), intent(out) :: vPen
real(pReal), intent(out) :: vDiscrep
real(pReal), dimension (3,3,homogenization_maxNgrains), intent(in) :: fDef
real(pReal), dimension (3,3), intent(in) :: fAvg
integer(pInt), intent(in) :: ip,el
real(pReal), dimension (homogenization_maxNgrains) :: gVol
integer(pInt) homID,iGrain,nGrain,i,j
!
nGrain = homogenization_Ngrains(mesh_element(3,el))
!* Compute volumes of grain and the effective volume and the total volume discrepancy
vDiscrep = math_det3x3(fAvg)
do iGrain = 1,nGrain
gVol(iGrain) = math_det3x3(fDef(:,:,iGrain))
vDiscrep = vDiscrep - gVol(iGrain)/dble(nGrain)
enddo
!* Calculate the stress and penalty due to volume discrepancy
vPen = 0.0_pReal
do iGrain = 1,nGrain
vPen(:,:,iGrain) = -1.0_pReal*sign(volDiscrMod_RGC*volDiscrPow_RGC/maxVolDiscr_RGC* &
(abs(vDiscrep)/maxVolDiscr_RGC)**(volDiscrPow_RGC - 1.0)*gVol(iGrain)/dble(nGrain),vDiscrep)* &
transpose(math_inv3x3(fDef(:,:,iGrain)))
!* Debugging the stress-like penalty of volume discrepancy
! if (ip == 1 .and. el == 1) then
! write(6,'(x,a30,i2)')'Volume penalty of grain: ',iGrain
! do i = 1,3
! write(6,'(x,3(e10.4,x))')(vPen(i,j,iGrain), j = 1,3)
! enddo
! endif
enddo
return
endsubroutine
!********************************************************************
! subroutine to compute the equivalent shear and bulk moduli from the elasticity tensor
!********************************************************************
subroutine homogenization_RGC_equivalentModuli(&
shearMod, & ! equivalent (isotropic) shear modulus
!
elasTens & ! elasticity tensor in Mandel notation

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@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ overproportionality 1.0e+1 1.0e+1 1.0e+1 # typical range between 0.1 (very lar
(output) constitutivework
(output) penaltyenergy
(output) magnitudemismatch
(output) volumediscrepancy
[Taylor2]
type isostrain

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@ -35,5 +35,8 @@ relevantMismatch_RGC 1.0e-5 # minimum threshold of mismatch
viscosityRate_RGC 1.0e+0 # power (sensitivity rate) of numerical viscosity in RGC scheme
viscosityModulus_RGC 0.0e+0 # stress modulus of RGC numerical viscosity (zero = without numerical viscosity)
maxRelaxation_RGC 1.0e+0 # threshold of maximum relaxation vector increment (if exceed this then cutback)
maxvoldiscrepancy_RGC 1.0e-5 # threshold of maximum volume discrepancy allowed
voldiscrepancymod_RGC 0.0e+8 # energy modulus of RGC volume discrepancy (zero = without volume discrepancy constraint)
discrepancypower_RGC 5.0 # powerlaw penalty for volume discrepancy
fixed_seed 1234 # put any number larger than zero, integer, if you want to have a pseudo random distribution

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@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ real(pReal) relevantStrain, & ! strain
rTol_crystalliteStress, & ! relative tolerance in crystallite stress loop
aTol_crystalliteStress, & ! absolute tolerance in crystallite stress loop
!* RGC parameters: added <<<updated 17.11.2009>>>
!* RGC parameters: added <<<updated 17.12.2009>>>
absTol_RGC, & ! absolute tolerance of RGC residuum
relTol_RGC, & ! relative tolerance of RGC residuum
absMax_RGC, & ! absolute maximum of RGC residuum
@ -37,7 +37,10 @@ real(pReal) relevantStrain, & ! strain
xSmoo_RGC, & ! RGC penalty smoothing parameter (hyperbolic tangent)
ratePower_RGC, & ! power (sensitivity rate) of numerical viscosity in RGC scheme
viscModus_RGC, & ! stress modulus of RGC numerical viscosity
maxdRelax_RGC ! threshold of maximum relaxation vector increment (if exceed this then cutback)
maxdRelax_RGC, & ! threshold of maximum relaxation vector increment (if exceed this then cutback)
maxVolDiscr_RGC, & ! threshold of maximum volume discrepancy allowed
volDiscrMod_RGC, & ! stiffness of RGC volume discrepancy (zero = without volume discrepancy constraint)
volDiscrPow_RGC ! powerlaw penalty for volume discrepancy
!* Random seeding parameters: added <<<updated 27.08.2009>>>
integer(pInt) fixedSeed ! fixed seeding for pseudo-random number generator
@ -101,7 +104,7 @@ subroutine numerics_init()
rTol_crystalliteStress = 1.0e-6_pReal
aTol_crystalliteStress = 1.0e-8_pReal ! residuum is in Lp (hence strain on the order of 1e-8 here)
!* RGC parameters: added <<<updated 17.11.2009>>> with moderate setting
!* RGC parameters: added <<<updated 17.12.2009>>> with moderate setting
absTol_RGC = 1.0e+4
relTol_RGC = 1.0e-3
absMax_RGC = 1.0e+10
@ -111,6 +114,9 @@ subroutine numerics_init()
ratePower_RGC = 1.0e+0 ! Newton viscosity (linear model)
viscModus_RGC = 0.0e+0 ! No viscosity is applied
maxdRelax_RGC = 1.0e+0
maxVolDiscr_RGC = 1.0e-5 ! tolerance for volume discrepancy allowed
volDiscrMod_RGC = 1.0e+12
volDiscrPow_RGC = 5.0
!* Random seeding parameters: added <<<updated 27.08.2009>>>
fixedSeed = 0_pInt
@ -170,7 +176,7 @@ subroutine numerics_init()
case ('atol_crystallitestress')
aTol_crystalliteStress = IO_floatValue(line,positions,2)
!* RGC parameters: added <<<updated 17.11.2009>>>
!* RGC parameters: added <<<updated 17.12.2009>>>
case ('atol_rgc')
absTol_RGC = IO_floatValue(line,positions,2)
case ('rtol_rgc')
@ -189,6 +195,12 @@ subroutine numerics_init()
viscModus_RGC = IO_floatValue(line,positions,2)
case ('maxrelaxation_rgc')
maxdRelax_RGC = IO_floatValue(line,positions,2)
case ('maxvoldiscrepancy_rgc')
maxVolDiscr_RGC = IO_floatValue(line,positions,2)
case ('voldiscrepancymod_rgc')
volDiscrMod_RGC = IO_floatValue(line,positions,2)
case ('discrepancypower_rgc')
volDiscrPow_RGC = IO_floatValue(line,positions,2)
!* Random seeding parameters: added <<<updated 27.08.2009>>>
case ('fixed_seed')
@ -230,7 +242,7 @@ subroutine numerics_init()
write(6,'(a24,x,i8)') 'nMPstate: ',nMPstate
write(6,*)
!* RGC parameters: added <<<updated 17.11.2009>>>
!* RGC parameters: added <<<updated 17.12.2009>>>
write(6,'(a24,x,e8.1)') 'aTol_RGC: ',absTol_RGC
write(6,'(a24,x,e8.1)') 'rTol_RGC: ',relTol_RGC
write(6,'(a24,x,e8.1)') 'aMax_RGC: ',absMax_RGC
@ -240,6 +252,10 @@ subroutine numerics_init()
write(6,'(a24,x,e8.1)') 'viscosityrate_RGC: ',ratePower_RGC
write(6,'(a24,x,e8.1)') 'viscositymodulus_RGC: ',viscModus_RGC
write(6,'(a24,x,e8.1)') 'maxrelaxation_RGC: ',maxdRelax_RGC
write(6,'(a24,x,e8.1)') 'maxVolDiscrepancy_RGC:',maxVolDiscr_RGC
write(6,'(a24,x,e8.1)') 'volDiscrepancyMod_RGC:',volDiscrMod_RGC
write(6,'(a24,x,e8.1)') 'discrepancyPower_RGC: ',volDiscrPow_RGC
write(6,*)
!* Random seeding parameters: added <<<updated 27.08.2009>>>
@ -279,6 +295,9 @@ subroutine numerics_init()
if (ratePower_RGC < 0.0_pReal) call IO_error(278)
if (viscModus_RGC < 0.0_pReal) call IO_error(278)
if (maxdRelax_RGC <= 0.0_pReal) call IO_error(288)
if (maxVolDiscr_RGC <= 0.0_pReal) call IO_error(289)
if (volDiscrMod_RGC < 0.0_pReal) call IO_error(289)
if (volDiscrPow_RGC <= 0.0_pReal) call IO_error(289)
if (fixedSeed <= 0_pInt) write(6,'(a)') 'Random is random!'
endsubroutine