251 lines
8.6 KiB
Groff
251 lines
8.6 KiB
Groff
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.\" $NetBSD: boot.cfg.5,v 1.24 2011/11/28 09:38:45 wiz Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 2007 Stephen Borrill
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
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.\" derived from this software without specific prior written permission
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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.\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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.\" INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.Dd November 28, 2011
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.Dt BOOT.CFG 5
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm boot.cfg
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.Nd configuration file for /boot
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The file
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.Pa /boot.cfg
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is used to alter the behaviour of the standard boot loader described in
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.Xr boot 8 .
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Configuration changes include setting the timeout, choosing a console device,
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altering the banner text and displaying a menu allowing boot commands to be
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easily chosen.
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If a
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.Nm
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file is not present, the system will boot as normal.
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.Ss FILE FORMAT
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The format of the file is a series of lines containing keyword/value pairs
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separated by an equals sign
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.Pq Sq = .
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There should be no whitespace surrounding the equals sign.
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Lines beginning with a hash
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.Pq Sq #
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are comments and will be ignored.
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.Pp
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Some keywords can be present multiple times in the file to define additional
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items.
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Such keywords are noted below.
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width timeout
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.It Sy banner
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(may be present multiple times)
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The text from banner lines is displayed instead of the standard welcome text
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by the boot loader.
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Up to 10 lines can be defined.
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No special character sequences are recognised, so to specify a blank line, a
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banner line with no value should be given.
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.It Sy clear
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If nonzero, clear the screen before printing the banner.
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If zero, do not clear the screen (the default).
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.It Sy consdev
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Changes the console device to that specified in the value.
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Valid values are any of those that could be specified at the normal boot
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prompt with the consdev command.
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.It Sy default
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Used to specify the default menu item which will be chosen in the case of
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Return being pressed or the timeout timer reaching zero.
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The value is the number of the menu item as displayed.
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As described above, the menu items are counted from 1 in the order listed in
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.Nm .
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If not specified, the default value will be option 1, i.e. the first item.
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.It Sy format
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Changes how the menu options are displayed.
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Should be set to one of
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.Sq a
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for automatic,
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.Sq l
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for letters and
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.Sq n
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for numbers.
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If set to automatic (the default), menu options will be displayed numerically
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unless there are more than 9 options and the timeout is greater than zero.
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If there are more than 9 options with a timeout greater than zero and
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the format is set to number, only the first 9 options will be available.
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.It Sy load
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Used to load kernel modules, which will be passed on to the kernel for
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initialization during early boot.
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The argument is either the complete path and file name of the module to be
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loaded, or a symbolic module name.
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When the argument is not an absolute path, the boot loader will first
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attempt to load
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.Pa /stand/\*[Lt]machine\*[Gt]/\*[Lt]kernel_version\*[Gt]/modules/\*[Lt]name\*[Gt]/\*[Lt]name\*[Gt].kmod .
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If that file does not exist, it will then attempt to load
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.Pa /\*[Lt]name\*[Gt] .
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May be used as many times as needed.
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.It Sy menu
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(may be present multiple times)
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Used to define a menu item to be displayed to the end-user at boot time
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which allows a series of boot commands to be run without further typing.
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The value consists of the required menu text, followed by a colon
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.Pq Sq \&:
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and then the desired command(s).
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Multiple commands can be specified separated by a semi-colon.
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If the specified menu text is empty
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(the colon appears immediately after the equals sign),
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then the displayed menu text is the same as the command.
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For example:
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.Bd -literal
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menu=Boot normally:boot
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menu=Boot single-user:boot -s
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menu=Boot with module foo:load /foo.kmod;boot
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menu=Boot with serial console:consdev com0;boot
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menu=:boot hd1a:netbsd -as
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Each menu item will be prefixed by an ascending number when displayed,
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i.e. the order in the
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.Nm
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file is important.
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.Pp
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Each command is executed just as though the user had typed it in
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and so can be any valid command that would be accepted at the
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normal boot prompt.
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In addition,
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.Dq Ic edit
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can be used to put the menu in editing mode, allowing the user to modify the
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next selected option before executing it, and
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.Dq Ic prompt
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can be used to drop to the normal boot prompt.
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.It Sy timeout
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If the value is greater than zero, this specifies the time in seconds
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that the boot loader will wait for the end-user to choose a menu item.
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During the countdown period, they may press Return to choose the default
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option or press a number key corresponding to a menu option.
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If any other key is pressed, the countdown will stop and the user will be
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prompted to choose a menu option with no further time limit.
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If the timeout value is set to zero, the default option will be booted
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immediately.
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If the timeout value is negative or is not a number, there will be no
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time limit for the user to choose an option.
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.It Sy userconf
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Passes a
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.Xr userconf 4
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command to the kernel at boot time .
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.It Sy rndseed
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Takes the path to a random-seed file as written by the
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.Fl S
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flag to
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.Xr rndctl 8
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as an argument.
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This file is used to seed the kernel entropy pool
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.Xr rnd 9
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very early in kernel startup, so that high quality randomness is
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available to all kernel modules.
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This argument should be supplied
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before any
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.Dq Ic load
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commands that may load executable modules.
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.El
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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Here is an example
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.Nm
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file:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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banner=Welcome to NetBSD
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banner==================
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banner=
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banner=Please choose an option from the following menu:
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menu=Boot normally:boot
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menu=Boot single-user:boot -s
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menu=Boot from second disk:boot hd1a:
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menu=Boot with module foo:load /foo.kmod;boot
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menu=Boot with modules foo and bar:load /foo.kmod;load /bar.kmod;boot
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menu=Boot Xen with 256MB for dom0:load /netbsd-XEN3_DOM0 console=pc;multiboot /usr/pkg/xen3-kernel/xen.gz dom0_mem=256M
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menu=Boot Xen with 256MB for dom0 (serial):load /netbsd-XEN3_DOM0 console=com0;multiboot /usr/pkg/xen3-kernel/xen.gz dom0_mem=256M console=com1 com1=115200,8n1
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menu=Boot Xen with dom0 in single-user mode:load /netbsd-XEN3_DOM0 -s;multiboot /usr/pkg/xen3-kernel/xen.gz dom0_mem=256M
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menu=Go to command line (advanced users only):prompt
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clear=1
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timeout=-1
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default=1
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userconf disable ehci*
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# Always load ramdisk module
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load=/miniroot.kmod
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.Ed
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.Pp
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N.B. Xen counts serial ports from com1 upwards, but
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.Nx
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counts from com0, so the appropriate device name must be used.
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Please see the Xen with serial console example above.
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.Pp
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This will clear the screen and display:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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Welcome to NetBSD
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=================
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Please choose an option from the following menu:
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1. Boot normally
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2. Boot single-user
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3. Boot from second disk
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4. Boot with module foo
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5. Boot with modules foo and bar
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6. Boot Xen with 256 MB for dom0
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7. Boot Xen with 256 MB for dom0 (serial)
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8. Boot Xen with dom0 in single-user mode
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9. Go to command line (advanced users only)
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Option [1]:
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.Ed
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.Pp
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It will then wait for the user to type 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 followed by
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Return.
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Pressing Return by itself will run option 1.
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There will be no timeout.
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr boot 8 ,
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.Xr boothowto 9
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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file appeared in
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.Nx 5.0 .
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.Sh AUTHORS
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The
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.Nm
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extensions to
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.Xr boot 8
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were written by
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.An Stephen Borrill
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.Aq sborrill@NetBSD.org .
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.Sh BUGS
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Support for
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.Nm
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is currently for
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.Nx Ns /i386
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and
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.Nx Ns /amd64
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only.
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It is hoped that its use will be extended to other appropriate ports that
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use the
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.Xr boot 8
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interface.
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